Whether it is a general controller, a dedicated data acquisition module, or an intelligent product and terminal, a large amount of data is obtained through sensors. Sensors are converters that convert physical signals and non-electrical effects into electrical signals. They are the probes of the real physical world. Although the data accessed by the device is not only sensor data, but some data after the logic processing of the application system, sensor data is the most important category.
There are many kinds of sensors: temperature sensors, speed and acceleration sensors, pressure sensors, displacement sensors, acoustic sensors, flow sensors, photoelectric sensors, etc. Each sensor is related to specific physical principles or physical phenomena.
The information converted by the sensor may be too weak to be difficult to measure, or requires specific external incentives. At this time, information adjustment is involved, that is, information amplification or filtering, etc. For example:
(1) Thermcouple: The signal conditioning method is amplification, linearisation and cold-end compensation.
(2) RTD thermal resistance: The signal conditioning method is current excitation and linearisation.
(3) Strain gauge: The signal conditioning method is voltage excitation bridge configuration and linearisation.
(4) High-frequency noise: The signal conditioning method is a low-pass filter.
(5) Common mode or high voltage: the signal conditioning method is isolated.
(6) Requires AC rectification or high-current load: the signal conditioning method is an electromechanical relay or a solid-state relay.
Post time: Mar-17-2025